core+gui+cli: animated QR will transfer (balqr/UR1/UR2/BBQR codecs, audio channel, export/import wizard)

tests/sim_update_flows.py

@@ -21,12 +21,12 @@ Run:
     QT_QPA_PLATFORM=offscreen PYTHONPATH=electrum-src python3 tests/sim_update_flows.py
 """
 
-import copy
 import os
 import sys
 
 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), os.pardir))
 
+from bal.core.util import copy_structure
 from bal.core.will import (
     HeirNotFoundException,
     NoHeirsException,
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ def _make_will_item(heirs, tx_locktime, status_complete=False):
     is forced to ``tx_locktime`` (the value frozen in the signed Bitcoin tx)."""
     d = {
         "tx": _VALID_TX_HEX,
-        "heirs": copy.deepcopy(heirs),
+        "heirs": copy_structure(heirs),
         "willexecutor": None,
         "status": "",
         "description": "",
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ def _make_will_item(heirs, tx_locktime, status_complete=False):
         "baltx_fees": TX_FEES,
     }
     item = WillItem(d, _id="willid_1")
-    item.STATUS = copy.deepcopy(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
+    item.STATUS = WillItem.copy_status_table(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
     # Force the locktime frozen "inside" the signed tx.
     item.tx.locktime = tx_locktime
     if status_complete:
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ def main():
     # Scenario 0: nothing changed -> should be coherent.
     heirs = {"alice": ["addr_alice", 5000, same_lt]}
     _run("0. nothing changed",
-         will_heirs=heirs, current_heirs=copy.deepcopy(heirs),
+         will_heirs=heirs, current_heirs=copy_structure(heirs),
          tx_locktime=base_lt, check_date=0)
 
     # Scenario 1: delivery date moved forward (postpone), will NOT yet signed.

tests/test_anticipate_manual_locktime.py

@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ Run:
         tests/test_anticipate_manual_locktime.py -q
 """
 
-import copy
 import os
 import sys
 
@@ -35,6 +34,7 @@ sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), os.pardir))
 
 import pytest  # noqa: E402  # pyright: ignore[reportMissingImports]
 
+from bal.core.util import copy_structure  # noqa: E402
 from bal.core.will import (  # noqa: E402
     NotCompleteWillException,
     Will,
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ def _make_will_item(heirs, tx_locktime, status_complete=False):
     """
     d = {
         "tx": _VALID_TX_HEX,
-        "heirs": copy.deepcopy(heirs),
+        "heirs": copy_structure(heirs),
         "willexecutor": None,
         "status": "",
         "description": "",
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def _make_will_item(heirs, tx_locktime, status_complete=False):
         "baltx_fees": TX_FEES,
     }
     item = WillItem(d, _id="willid_1")
-    item.STATUS = copy.deepcopy(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
+    item.STATUS = WillItem.copy_status_table(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
     item.tx.locktime = tx_locktime
     if status_complete:
         item.set_status("COMPLETE", True)

tests/test_core_animated_qr.py

@@ -0,0 +1,478 @@
+"""
+Tests for ``bal.core.animated_qr`` (BC-UR v1, BC-UR v2, BBQR interop).
+
+Validates the self-contained codecs against the published spec vectors
+(BCR-2020-004/005 BC32, BCR-2020-012 bytewords) and against byte-exact
+output captured from the reference C++ bc-ur encoder (fountain/xoshiro/
+alias-sampler parity), plus round trips, out-of-order assembly, missing-part
+fountain solving and malformed-input rejection for all four formats.
+
+Run:
+    source electrum/env/bin/activate
+    python3 tests/test_core_animated_qr.py
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), os.pardir))
+
+import random
+
+from bal.core import animated_qr as aq
+
+
+def _payload(plen: int) -> bytes:
+    """Deterministic payload matching the C++ reference driver (``(i*7)&0xff``)."""
+    return bytes((i * 7) & 0xFF for i in range(plen))
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# BC32 (BCR-2020-004 / bcr-2020-005 rev1 reference implementation vectors)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+def test_bc32_official_vectors():
+    cases = [
+        (b"Hello, world", "fpjkcmr09ss8wmmjd3jq6ax7w9"),
+        (b"Hello world", "fpjkcmr0ypmk7unvvsh4ra4j"),
+        (
+            bytes.fromhex("d934063e82001eec0585ee41ab5d8e4b703a4be1f73aec21e143912c56"),
+            "my6qv05zqq0wcpv9aeq6khvwfdcr5jlp7uawcg0pgwgjc4shjm6xu",
+        ),
+    ]
+    for payload, encoded in cases:
+        assert aq.bc32_encode(payload) == encoded
+        assert aq.bc32_decode(encoded) == payload
+
+
+def test_bc32_checksum_rejected():
+    good = aq.bc32_encode(b"Hello, world")
+    corrupted = good[:-1] + ("a" if good[-1] != "a" else "b")
+    try:
+        aq.bc32_decode(corrupted)
+    except aq.AnimatedQrError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        raise AssertionError("expected AnimatedQrError for corrupted BC32")
+
+
+def test_bc32_bad_char_rejected():
+    try:
+        aq.bc32_decode("1" * 26)
+    except aq.AnimatedQrError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        raise AssertionError("expected AnimatedQrError for '1' (not in alphabet)")
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Bytewords (BCR-2020-012)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+def test_bytewords_minimal_roundtrip():
+    samples = [bytes(range(256)), _payload(59), b"\x00"] + [
+        os.urandom(64) for _ in range(4)
+    ]
+    for data in samples:
+        words = aq.bytewords_minimal_encode(data)
+        assert len(words) == (len(data) + 4) * 2  # 2 chars per byte incl. CRC
+        assert aq.bytewords_minimal_decode(words) == data
+
+
+def test_bytewords_rejects_corrupted_crc():
+    data = _payload(40)
+    words = aq.bytewords_minimal_encode(data)
+    flip = "a" if words[-1] != "a" else "b"
+    try:
+        aq.bytewords_minimal_decode(words[:-1] + flip)
+    except aq.AnimatedQrError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        raise AssertionError("expected AnimatedQrError for corrupted CRC")
+
+
+def test_bytewords_rejects_odd_length():
+    try:
+        aq.bytewords_minimal_decode("abc")
+    except aq.AnimatedQrError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        raise AssertionError("expected AnimatedQrError for odd-length bytewords")
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# BC-UR v2: byte-exact parity with the reference C++ encoder
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+# Reference frames from the bc-ur C++ fountain encoder
+# (payload x=(i*7)&0xFF, cbor wrapped, single-part and multipart).
+REF_V2_SINGLE_12 = "ur:bytes/gsaeatbabzcecndrehetfhfggtoeemhpmo"
+
+REF_V2_MULTI_59 = [
+    "ur:bytes/2-2/lpaoaocsfscyrpdpjzbyhdctsbtdtavtvdwyykztaxbkbycsctdsdpeefrfwgagdhghyihjzjkknlylomymtaeeccasket",
+    "ur:bytes/3-2/lpaxaocsfscyrpdpjzbyhdcthdfraeatbabzcecndrehetfhfggtghhpidinjoktkblplkmunyoypdperpryssimryrldt",
+    "ur:bytes/4-2/lpaaaocsfscyrpdpjzbyhdctsbtdtavtvdwyykztaxbkbycsctdsdpeefrfwgagdhghyihjzjkknlylomymtaefeimteue",
+    "ur:bytes/5-2/lpahaocsfscyrpdpjzbyhdctmuwltavdwlzowlurdtfrdtdihkjekkjlhkdnesdidtuywlzmwluydtdiesdnssgdaontls",
+    "ur:bytes/6-2/lpamaocsfscyrpdpjzbyhdctmuwltavdwlzowlurdtfrdtdihkjekkjlhkdnesdidtuywlzmwluydtdiesdnssisescmwt",
+    "ur:bytes/7-2/lpataocsfscyrpdpjzbyhdcthdfraeatbabzcecndrehetfhfggtghhpidinjoktkblplkmunyoypdperprysslsspplgm",
+    "ur:bytes/8-2/lpayaocsfscyrpdpjzbyhdctsbtdtavtvdwyykztaxbkbycsctdsdpeefrfwgagdhghyihjzjkknlylomymtaeonlrzebg",
+    "ur:bytes/9-2/lpasaocsfscyrpdpjzbyhdctsbtdtavtvdwyykztaxbkbycsctdsdpeefrfwgagdhghyihjzjkknlylomymtaeaaryknzt",
+    "ur:bytes/10-2/lpbkaocsfscyrpdpjzbyhdctmuwltavdwlzowlurdtfrdtdihkjekkjlhkdnesdidtuywlzmwluydtdiesdnsslotsfrfn",
+    "ur:bytes/11-2/lpbdaocsfscyrpdpjzbyhdctmuwltavdwlzowlurdtfrdtdihkjekkjlhkdnesdidtuywlzmwluydtdiesdnssdtwyrstd",
+    "ur:bytes/12-2/lpbnaocsfscyrpdpjzbyhdctsbtdtavtvdwyykztaxbkbycsctdsdpeefrfwgagdhghyihjzjkknlylomymtaegswnvdin",
+    "ur:bytes/13-2/lpbtaocsfscyrpdpjzbyhdctmuwltavdwlzowlurdtfrdtdihkjekkjlhkdnesdidtuywlzmwluydtdiesdnsshknlptee",
+]
+
+# Reference message for the 59-byte payload: byte-string head (0x58,0x3b) + data.
+REF_V2_MULTI_59_MSG = bytes([0x58, 0x3B]) + _payload(59)
+
+
+def test_v2_single_part_matches_reference():
+    frames = aq.ur2_frames(_payload(12), len(REF_V2_SINGLE_12))
+    assert frames == [REF_V2_SINGLE_12]
+
+
+def test_v2_reference_frames_decode_and_reencode_exactly():
+    message = REF_V2_MULTI_59_MSG
+    fragment_len = -(-len(message) // 2)
+    for frame in REF_V2_MULTI_59:
+        seq, seq_len, message_len, checksum, data = aq.ur2_parse_part(frame)
+        assert seq_len == 2
+        assert message_len == len(message)
+        assert checksum == aq.crc32_int(message)
+        assert len(data) == fragment_len
+        # re-encoding the parsed values reproduces the reference line exactly
+        assert aq._ur2_part_string(seq, seq_len, message_len, checksum, data) == frame
+        # our choose_fragments + partition + xor reproduces the reference data
+        indexes = aq.choose_fragments(seq, seq_len, checksum)
+        assert seq_num_indexes_valid(seq, seq_len, indexes)
+        mixed = aq._mix_fragments(aq._partition_message(message, fragment_len), indexes, fragment_len)
+        assert mixed == data
+
+
+def seq_num_indexes_valid(seq, seq_len, indexes):
+    # pure part for seq <= seq_len contains exactly fragment seq-1
+    if seq <= seq_len:
+        return indexes == {seq - 1}
+    return set(indexes) <= set(range(seq_len)) and bool(indexes)
+
+
+def test_v2_multipart_encoder_matches_reference_from_seq2():
+    # Our frames start at seq 1 (spec-aligned); parts seq 2.. must equal the
+    # reference (which starts at seq 2 due to first_seq_num=1).
+    mine = aq.ur2_frames(_payload(59), 120)
+    assert mine[0].split("/", 1)[1].startswith("1-2") or "1-2" in mine[0].split("/")[1]
+    assert mine[1:4] == REF_V2_MULTI_59[:3]
+
+
+def test_v2_reference_seq7_mix_parity():
+    # Higher-degree mixed parts (seq_len=7) also match: message uses the
+    # reference head 0x58|0x00 for the 256-byte driver payload.
+    message = bytes([0x58, 0x00]) + _payload(256)
+    seq_len = 7
+    fragment_len = -(-len(message) // seq_len)
+    frames = [
+        "ur:bytes/9-7/lpasatcfadaocyfysnjlsrhddaykztaxbkbycsctdsdpeefrfwgagdhghyihjzjkknlylomymtntoxpyprrhrtsttotluovlwdwnsrfejzhd",
+        "ur:bytes/10-7/lpbkatcfadaocyfysnjlsrhddazeahbnbwcycldedlenfsfygrgmhkhniojtkpkelslememkneolpmqzrksasotitsuevwwpwfzswzpmdrvo",
+        "ur:bytes/11-7/lpbdatcfadaocyfysnjlsrhddawkwtbbbefnaefnbebbjojybebnaebndybbbewkwtceaecedyeebebbjobnaebnbeeedybbbeztwproyapd",
+    ]
+    for frame in frames:
+        seq, sl, mlen, checksum, data = aq.ur2_parse_part(frame)
+        assert sl == seq_len and mlen == len(message)
+        assert checksum == aq.crc32_int(message)
+        mixed = aq._mix_fragments(
+            aq._partition_message(message, fragment_len),
+            aq.choose_fragments(seq, seq_len, checksum),
+            fragment_len,
+        )
+        assert mixed == data
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# BC-UR v2: sessions / fountain decoding
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+def test_v2_roundtrip_in_order():
+    payload = ("BAL transfer " * 9).encode()
+    frames = aq.ur2_frames(payload, 120)
+    seq_len = int(frames[0].split("/")[1].split("-")[1])
+    assert len(frames) == 2 * seq_len  # pure wave + redundant mixed wave
+    session = aq.AnimatedQrSession()
+    for frame in frames:
+        session.add_part(frame)
+    assert session.done
+    assert session.received == session.total
+    text, _ = session.resolve()
+    assert text == payload.decode()
+
+
+def test_v2_out_of_order_and_duplicate():
+    payload = ("BAL transfer " * 9).encode()
+    frames = aq.ur2_frames(payload, 120)
+    order = list(range(len(frames)))
+    random.Random(11).shuffle(order)
+    session = aq.AnimatedQrSession()
+    for i in order:
+        status = session.add_part(frames[i])
+        assert status in ("ok", "dup")
+    session.add_part(frames[0])  # duplicate of an already-received part
+    assert session.done
+    assert session.resolve()[0] == payload.decode()
+
+
+def test_v2_solves_without_a_pure_fragment():
+    payload = ("BAL transfer " * 9).encode()
+    frames = aq.ur2_frames(payload, 120)
+    session = aq.AnimatedQrSession()
+    for frame in frames[1:]:  # drop the first pure fragment
+        session.add_part(frame)
+    assert session.done
+    assert session.resolve()[0] == payload.decode()
+
+
+def test_v2_single_part_import():
+    session = aq.AnimatedQrSession()
+    session.add_part(REF_V2_SINGLE_12)
+    assert session.done and session.total == 1
+    assert session.resolve()[0] == _payload(12).decode("latin-1")
+
+
+def test_v2_conflicting_transfer_rejected():
+    payload_a = b"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA"
+    payload_b = b"BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB"
+    fa = aq.ur2_frames(payload_a, 500)[0]
+    fb = aq.ur2_frames(payload_b, 500)[0]
+    session = aq.AnimatedQrSession()
+    session.add_part(fa)
+    try:
+        session.add_part(fb)
+    except aq.TransferConflictError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        raise AssertionError("expected TransferConflictError for a different transfer")
+
+
+def test_v2_corrupt_crc_rejected():
+    frame = list(REF_V2_MULTI_59[0])
+    idx = len(frame) - 1
+    frame[idx] = "a" if frame[idx] != "a" else "b"
+    try:
+        aq.ur2_parse_part("".join(frame))
+    except aq.AnimatedQrError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        raise AssertionError("expected AnimatedQrError for a corrupt v2 part")
+
+
+def test_v2_session_cap_rejected():
+    part = aq._ur2_part_string(1, 30000, 100, 1234, b"\x00" * 100)
+    session = aq._Ur2Session()
+    try:
+        session.add(part)
+    except aq.SessionLimitError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        raise AssertionError("expected SessionLimitError for oversized seq_len")
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# BC-UR v1
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+def test_v1_multipart_roundtrip():
+    payload = ("v1 transfer payload " * 6).encode()
+    frames = aq.ur1_frames(payload, 120)
+    assert len(frames) > 1
+    session = aq.AnimatedQrSession()
+    for frame in reversed(frames):
+        session.add_part(frame)
+    assert session.done
+    assert session.resolve()[0] == payload.decode()
+
+
+def test_v1_single_part_roundtrip():
+    payload = b"hello, bal"
+    frames = aq.ur1_frames(payload, 400)
+    assert len(frames) == 1
+    session = aq.AnimatedQrSession()
+    session.add_part(frames[0])
+    assert session.done and session.total == 1
+    assert session.resolve()[0] == payload.decode()
+
+
+def test_v1_headerless_single_part_import():
+    # bcr-2020-005 rev1 allows omitting the sequence header + digest entirely.
+    payload = b"hello, bal"
+    message = aq.cbor_byte_string(payload)
+    single = "ur:bytes/" + aq.bc32_encode(message)
+    assert aq.detect_format(single) == "ur1"
+    session = aq.AnimatedQrSession()
+    session.add_part(single)
+    assert session.done
+    assert session.resolve()[0] == payload.decode()
+
+
+def test_v1_digest_mismatch_rejected():
+    frame = aq.ur1_frames(b"hello, bal", 400)[0]
+    tampered = frame[:-4] + "abcd"
+    session = aq.AnimatedQrSession()
+    session.add_part(tampered)
+    try:
+        session.resolve()
+    except aq.ChecksumError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        raise AssertionError("expected ChecksumError for a tampered v1 digest")
+
+
+def test_v1_part_numbers_validated():
+    for bad in (
+        "ur:bytes/0of1/{}full".format("x" * 51),
+        "ur:bytes/2of1/{}full".format("x" * 51),
+        "ur:bytes/1of0/{}full".format("x" * 51),
+        "ur:bytes/1aof1/{}full".format("x" * 51),
+    ):
+        try:
+            aq.ur1_parse_part(bad)
+        except aq.AnimatedQrError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            raise AssertionError("expected AnimatedQrError for: {}".format(bad))
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# BBQR
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+def test_bbqr_all_encodings_roundtrip():
+    payload = ("BBQR payload " * 8).encode()
+    for encoding in ("Z", "2", "H"):
+        frames = aq.bbqr_frames(payload, 90, encoding=encoding)
+        assert len(frames) >= 1
+        order = list(range(len(frames)))
+        random.Random(3).shuffle(order)
+        session = aq.AnimatedQrSession()
+        for i in order:
+            session.add_part(frames[i])
+        assert session.done
+        assert session.resolve()[0] == payload.decode()
+
+
+def test_bbqr_compression_default_and_fallback():
+    payload = ("repetitive data " * 40).encode()  # compresses well
+    frames_z = aq.bbqr_frames(payload, 90, encoding="Z")
+    # Highly compressible: Z yields one frame and a 'Z' flag.
+    assert all(f[2] == "Z" for f in frames_z)
+    assert len(frames_z) == 1
+    raw = os.urandom(600)  # incompressible
+    frames_2 = aq.bbqr_frames(raw, 90, encoding="Z")
+    assert all(f[2] == "2" for f in frames_2)  # Z loses, '2' is used
+
+
+def test_bbqr_hex_uppercase():
+    payload = b"\xde\xad\xbe\xef"
+    frame = aq.bbqr_frames(payload, 50, encoding="H")[0]
+    assert "DEADBEEF" in frame
+    encoding, _type, total, index, frag = aq.bbqr_parse_part(frame)
+    assert (encoding, total, index) == ("H", 1, 0)
+
+
+def test_bbqr_runt_last_part():
+    payload = os.urandom(33)
+    frames = aq.bbqr_frames(payload, 60, encoding="2")
+    parts = [aq.bbqr_parse_part(f)[4] for f in frames]
+    joined = aq._bbqr_decode(parts, "2")
+    assert joined == payload
+    assert len(parts[-1]) < len(parts[0])  # last part is a runt
+
+
+def test_bbqr_zlib_bomb_rejected():
+    compressed = aq._bbqr_encode(b"\x00" * 1000000, "Z")[1]
+    try:
+        aq._bbqr_decode(["0" * len(compressed)], "2")  # not zlib data
+    except aq.AnimatedQrError:
+        pass
+    # direct inflate bomb guard:
+    inflated = aq._bbqr_encode(b"\x00" * 1000000, "Z")
+    assert inflated[0] == "Z"  # 1MB zeros compresses
+    bomb = aq._bbqr_encode(b"\x00" * (aq._MAX_MESSAGE_BYTES + 100), "Z")[1]
+    parts = [bomb[i : i + 90] for i in range(0, len(bomb), 90)]
+    try:
+        aq._bbqr_decode(parts, "Z")
+    except aq.AnimatedQrError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        raise AssertionError("expected AnimatedQrError for an oversized decompression")
+
+
+def test_bbqr_part_number_limits():
+    try:
+        aq.bbqr_frames(os.urandom(30000), 40, encoding="2")
+    except aq.AnimatedQrError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        raise AssertionError("expected AnimatedQrError for too many BBQR parts")
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Detection / parse_for_detection
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+def test_detect_format_recognises_all_formats():
+    assert aq.detect_format("BALQR1|1|1||payload") == "balqr"
+    assert aq.detect_format(aq.ur1_frames(b"x", 400)[0]) == "ur1"
+    assert aq.detect_format(aq.ur2_frames(b"x", 400)[0]) == "ur2"
+    assert aq.detect_format(aq.bbqr_frames(b"x", 50)[0]) == "bbqr"
+    assert aq.detect_format(REF_V2_SINGLE_12) == "ur2"
+    assert aq.detect_format("ur:bytes/" + aq.bc32_encode(aq.cbor_byte_string(b"x"))) == "ur1"
+
+
+def test_detect_format_rejects_garbage():
+    for text in ("", "hello world", "BALQ|1|1||a", "ur:", "ur:txn/xyz"):
+        assert aq.detect_format(text) is None, text
+    # Lenient prefix probe: a string that merely *starts* with "balqr" is
+    # reported as balqr (the strict parse then rejects it downstream).
+    assert aq.detect_format("BALQRX|1|1||a") == "balqr"
+
+
+def test_parse_for_detection_keys():
+    bal = aq.parse_for_detection("BALQR1|3|2||payload")
+    assert bal == ("balqr", "balqr:3", 3, 2)
+    v2 = aq.parse_for_detection(aq.ur2_frames(b"x"*50, 400)[0])
+    assert v2[0] == "ur2" and v2[2] == 1 and v2[3] == 1
+    v1 = aq.parse_for_detection(aq.ur1_frames(b"x"*50, 120)[0])
+    assert v1[0] == "ur1" and v1[2] > 1 and 1 <= v1[3] <= v1[2]
+    bb = aq.parse_for_detection(aq.bbqr_frames(b"x"*50, 40)[0])
+    assert bb[0] == "bbqr" and bb[2] >= 1 and 0 <= bb[3] < bb[2]
+
+
+def test_format_names_exist():
+    for fmt in ("balqr", "ur1", "ur2", "bbqr"):
+        assert aq.format_name(fmt)
+    assert aq.format_name("nope") == "nope"
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import traceback
+
+    failures = 0
+    for _name, fn in sorted(globals().items()):
+        if _name.startswith("test_") and callable(fn):
+            try:
+                fn()
+                print("ok: {}".format(_name))
+            except Exception:
+                failures += 1
+                print("FAIL: {}".format(_name))
+                traceback.print_exc()
+    if failures:
+        print("{} test(s) failed".format(failures))
+        sys.exit(1)
+    print("all tests passed")

tests/test_core_plugin_base.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import time
 
 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), os.pardir))
 
-from datetime import date, datetime, timedelta
+from datetime import date, datetime, timedelta, timezone
 
 from bal.core.plugin_base import BalConfig, BalPlugin, BalTimestamp
 
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ def test_bt_to_date_absolute():
 
 
 def test_bt_to_date_relative():
-    now = datetime.now()
+    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
 
     # relative days from now
     bt = BalTimestamp("7d")
@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@ def test_bt_to_date_relative():
     d_rev = bt.to_date(reverse=True)
     assert d_rev < now
 
-    # from explicit datetime
-    base = datetime(2025, 6, 1, 12, 0, 0)
+    # from explicit datetime (UTC, so the naive-timestamp roundtrip below is stable)
+    base = datetime(2025, 6, 1, 12, 0, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
     d = bt.to_date(from_date=base)
     expected = (base + timedelta(days=7)).replace(hour=0, minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0)
     assert d == expected
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ def test_bt_to_date_relative():
 def test_bt_to_date_years():
     bt = BalTimestamp("1y")
     d = bt.to_date()
-    assert d > datetime.now()
+    assert d > datetime.now(timezone.utc)
 
 
 def test_bt_to_date_overflow():

tests/test_core_qr_transfer.py

@@ -293,7 +293,6 @@ def test_presets_fit_qrcode_ec_m():
     """Every preset budget must render inside a QR at EC level M."""
     try:
         import qrcode
-
         from qrcode.constants import ERROR_CORRECT_M
     except ImportError:
         print("qrcode not installed - skipping capacity check")
@@ -324,4 +323,4 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
     if failures:
         print("{} test(s) failed".format(failures))
         sys.exit(1)
-    print("all tests passed")
+    print("all tests passed")

tests/test_core_will.py

@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ Run:
     python3 tests/test_core_will.py
 """
 
-import copy
 import os
 import sys
 
 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), os.pardir))
 
+from bal.core.util import copy_structure
 from bal.core.will import Will, WillItem
 
 # A valid serialized Bitcoin transaction hex (1 input + 1 P2PKH output, version 2)
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def _make_willitem_blank():
     """Create a fresh WillItem from scratch."""
     item = WillItem(_make_minimal_willitem_dict())
     # Reset STATUS to clean defaults
-    item.STATUS = copy.deepcopy(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
+    item.STATUS = WillItem.copy_status_table(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
     return item
 
 
@@ -151,8 +151,8 @@ def test_will_only_valid_list():
 def _make_will_with_heirs(heirs, tx_locktime):
     """Build a single-item will whose stored heirs == ``heirs`` and whose
     frozen tx.locktime == ``tx_locktime`` (what the will-executors hold)."""
-    item = WillItem(_make_minimal_willitem_dict(heirs=copy.deepcopy(heirs)))
-    item.STATUS = copy.deepcopy(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
+    item = WillItem(_make_minimal_willitem_dict(heirs=copy_structure(heirs)))
+    item.STATUS = WillItem.copy_status_table(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
     item.tx.locktime = tx_locktime
     return {"willid_1": item}
 
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ def test_check_heirs_unchanged_is_coherent():
     heirs = {"alice": ["addr_alice", 5000, str(lt)]}
     will = _make_will_with_heirs(heirs, lt)
     result = Will.check_willexecutors_and_heirs(
-        will, copy.deepcopy(heirs), {}, False, 0, 100
+        will, copy_structure(heirs), {}, False, 0, 100
     )
     assert result is True
 

tests/test_core_will_invalidate.py

@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ Run:
         python3 -m pytest tests/test_core_will_invalidate.py -q
 """
 
-import copy
 import os
 import sys
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
@@ -75,7 +74,7 @@ def _make_willitem(value_sats=1000000, valid=True, extra_heirs=None):
         "change": "",
         "baltx_fees": 100,
     })
-    item.STATUS = copy.deepcopy(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
+    item.STATUS = WillItem.copy_status_table(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
     # Set the input value so the balance calculation works.
     # Use the name-mangled attribute because tx_from_any creates a
     # Transaction whose inputs are TxInput objects; TxInput.value_sats()
@@ -270,7 +269,7 @@ class TestInvalidateWill:
         """
         item = _make_willitem(value_sats=100)
         will = {"willtxid1": item}
-        wallet = _mock_wallet([_make_utxo()])
+        wallet = _mock_wallet([_make_utxo(value_sats=100)])
 
         result, mock_from_io, _ = _run_invalidate(will, wallet, fees_per_byte=100)
 

tests/test_group_e_karen7_invalidate.py

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ Run:
         python3 -m pytest tests/test_group_e_karen7_invalidate.py -q
 """
 
-import copy
 import json
 import os
 import sys
@@ -46,6 +45,7 @@ from electrum.transaction import (
 from electrum.util import bfh
 
 from bal.core.heirs import Heirs
+from bal.core.util import copy_structure
 from bal.core.will import Will, WillItem
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ def _txs_to_will(txs, heirs_data):
     for txid, tx in txs.items():
         item_dict = {
             "tx": tx,
-            "heirs": copy.deepcopy(heirs_data),
+            "heirs": copy_structure(heirs_data),
             "willexecutor": None,
             "status": "",
             "description": "",

tests/test_group_e_mock_karen7.py

@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ Run:
         python3 -m pytest tests/test_group_e_mock_karen7.py -q
 """
 
-import copy
 import json
 import os
 import sys
@@ -43,6 +42,7 @@ from bal.core.reminders import (
     ical_escape,
     write_temp_ics,
 )
+from bal.core.util import copy_structure
 from bal.core.will import HeirNotFoundException, Will, WillItem
 from bal.core.willexecutors import Willexecutors
 
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ def _make_willitem(**overrides):
     }
     d.update(overrides)
     item = WillItem(d)
-    item.STATUS = copy.deepcopy(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
+    item.STATUS = WillItem.copy_status_table(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
     return item
 
 
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ def test_e2_heir_change_triggers_rebuild():
     item = WillItem(
         {
             "tx": _VALID_TX_HEX,
-            "heirs": copy.deepcopy(will_heirs),
+            "heirs": copy_structure(will_heirs),
             "willexecutor": None,
             "status": "",
             "description": "",
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ def test_e2_heir_change_triggers_rebuild():
             "baltx_fees": 100,
         }
     )
-    item.STATUS = copy.deepcopy(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
+    item.STATUS = WillItem.copy_status_table(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
     item.tx.locktime = lt
     will = {"willid_1": item}
 

tests/test_gui_export_dialogs.py

@@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
+"""
+Tests for the filter-based unified export/import dialogs and the BalWindow
+transport helpers (``bal.gui.qt.dialogs``, ``bal.gui.qt.window``).
+
+Covers the shared export filters (All / Valid / Valid NC), the unified
+``WillExportDialog`` file page (whole item vs tx-only content, empty-filter
+abort), the audio export/import pages (KB/sec wiring, missing plugin guard,
+receive flow) and the comma-separated tx-only file writer. The audio pages
+run against a stub plugin so no sound hardware is exercised.
+
+Run:
+    QT_QPA_PLATFORM=offscreen python3 tests/test_gui_export_dialogs.py
+"""
+
+import base64
+import json
+import sys
+import zlib
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+sys.path.insert(0, __file__.rsplit("/", 2)[0])
+
+from PyQt6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow
+
+import bal.gui.qt.dialogs as dialogs
+from bal.core.qrtransfer import CHUNK_PRESETS
+
+_app = QApplication.instance() or QApplication(sys.argv)
+
+# A valid 1x1 transparent PNG, good enough for BalDialog's window icon.
+_PNG_BYTES = base64.b64decode(
+    "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAADUlEQVR42mP8z8BQDwAEhQGAhKmMIQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg=="
+)
+
+# A valid serialized Bitcoin transaction hex (1 input + 1 P2PKH output,
+# version 2); used for real-WillItem serialization tests.
+_VALID_TX_HEX = (
+    "01000000012a5c9a94fcde98f5581cd00162c60a13936ceb75389ea65b"
+    "f38633b424eb4031000000006c493046022100a82bbc57a0136751e543"
+    "3f41cf000b3f1a99c6744775e76ec764fb78c54ee100022100f9e80b7d"
+    "e89de861dc6fb0c1429d5da72c2b6b2ee2406bc9bfb1beedd729d98501"
+    "2102e61d176da16edd1d258a200ad9759ef63adf8e14cd97f53227bae3"
+    "5cdb84d2f6ffffffff0140420f00000000001976a914230ac37834073a"
+    "42146f11ef8414ae929feaafc388ac00000000"
+)
+
+
+class _Cfg:
+    def __init__(self, value):
+        self._value = value
+
+    def get(self):
+        return self._value
+
+
+class FakePlugin:
+    QR_CHUNK_SIZE = _Cfg(CHUNK_PRESETS[0][1])
+
+    def read_file(self, path):
+        return _PNG_BYTES
+
+
+class FakeWindow(QMainWindow):
+    config = {}
+
+    def format_amount(self, amount):
+        return "{:.8f}".format(amount)
+
+    def format_amount_and_units(self, amount):
+        return "{:.8f} sat".format(amount)
+
+
+class FakeAudioPlugin:
+    """Duck-typed ``audio_modem`` plugin for the audio pages."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.modem_config = None
+
+    def is_available(self):
+        return True
+
+
+class _FakeModemConfig:
+    def __init__(self, kbps):
+        self.modem_bps = kbps * 1000
+
+
+class FakeBalWindow:
+    """Duck-typed stand-in for BalWindow (dialog layer only)."""
+
+    def __init__(self, audio_plugin=None):
+        self.window = FakeWindow()
+        self.bal_plugin = FakePlugin()
+        self.willitems = {}
+        self.audio_plugin = audio_plugin
+        self.bitrate_set = None
+        self.audio_payloads = []
+
+    def get_audio_modem_plugin(self):
+        return self.audio_plugin
+
+    def set_audio_modem_bitrate(self, kbps):
+        self.bitrate_set = kbps
+        if self.audio_plugin is not None:
+            self.audio_plugin.modem_config = _FakeModemConfig(kbps)
+
+    def _audio_send_payload(self, payload):
+        self.audio_payloads.append(payload)
+
+    def export_json_file(self, path, will=None):
+        items = will if will is not None else self.willitems
+        with open(path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            json.dump({wid: wi.to_dict() for wid, wi in items.items()}, f)
+
+    def export_tx_file(self, path, will=None):
+        items = will if will is not None else self.willitems
+        with open(path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            f.write(",".join(str(wi.tx) for _, wi in items.items()))
+
+
+class StubTx:
+    def __init__(self, payload):
+        self.payload = payload
+
+    def txid(self):
+        return "{:064x}".format(hash(self.payload) & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.payload
+
+
+class StubWillItem:
+    def __init__(self, payload, statuses=None):
+        self.tx = StubTx(payload)
+        self.statuses = statuses or {}
+
+    def get_status(self, name):
+        return self.statuses.get(name, False)
+
+    def to_dict(self):
+        return {"tx": str(self.tx)}
+
+
+def _make_willitems(n=3, payload_len=60, statuses=None):
+    return {
+        "item{}".format(i): StubWillItem(
+            "T{}".format(i) * payload_len, statuses=statuses
+        )
+        for i in range(n)
+    }
+
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+# Shared export filters
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+
+def test_export_filter_options():
+    opts = dialogs.export_filter_options()
+    assert [label for label, _fn in opts] == ["All", "Valid", "Valid NC"]
+    complete = StubWillItem("C*", statuses={"VALID": True, "COMPLETE": True})
+    valid = StubWillItem("V*", statuses={"VALID": True})
+    plain = StubWillItem("P*")
+    assert opts[0][1](complete) and opts[0][1](plain)
+    assert opts[1][1](complete) and opts[1][1](valid) and not opts[1][1](plain)
+    assert not opts[2][1](complete)
+    assert opts[2][1](valid) and not opts[2][1](plain)
+
+
+def test_filter_willitems_by_index():
+    items = {
+        "a": StubWillItem("A*", statuses={"VALID": True, "COMPLETE": True}),
+        "b": StubWillItem("B*", statuses={"VALID": True}),
+        "c": StubWillItem("C*"),
+    }
+    opts = dialogs.export_filter_options()
+    assert set(dialogs.filter_willitems(items, opts, 0)) == {"a", "b", "c"}
+    assert set(dialogs.filter_willitems(items, opts, 1)) == {"a", "b"}
+    assert dialogs.filter_willitems(items, opts, 2) == {"b": items["b"]}
+
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+# WillExportDialog file page
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+
+def test_file_export_selects_by_filter():
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    items = _make_willitems(3)
+    items["item0"].statuses = {"VALID": True, "COMPLETE": True}
+    items["item1"].statuses = {"VALID": True}
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, will=items, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    assert set(d._selected_items()) == set(items)
+
+    d._on_filter_change(1)
+    assert set(d._selected_items()) == {"item0", "item1"}
+    d._on_filter_change(2)
+    assert list(d._selected_items()) == ["item1"]
+    d.close()
+
+
+def test_file_export_run_tx_only(tmpdir):
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    items = _make_willitems(3)
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, will=items, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    d.content_check.setChecked(False)
+    captured = {}
+
+    def fake_gui(window, title, exporter):
+        captured["title"] = title
+        captured["exporter"] = exporter
+
+    with patch.object(dialogs, "export_meta_gui", side_effect=fake_gui):
+        d._export_file()
+    assert captured["title"] == "will_tx"
+    out = tmpdir.join("will_tx.txt").strpath
+    captured["exporter"](out)
+    expected = ",".join(str(wi.tx) for _, wi in items.items())
+    assert open(out, encoding="utf-8").read() == expected
+    d.close()
+
+
+def test_file_export_run_willitem(tmpdir):
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    items = _make_willitems(2)
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, will=items, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    assert d.content_check.isChecked()
+    captured = {}
+
+    def fake_gui(window, title, exporter):
+        captured["title"] = title
+        captured["exporter"] = exporter
+
+    with patch.object(dialogs, "export_meta_gui", side_effect=fake_gui):
+        d._export_file()
+    assert captured["title"] == "will"
+    out = tmpdir.join("will.json").strpath
+    captured["exporter"](out)
+    data = json.load(open(out, encoding="utf-8"))
+    assert set(data) == set(items)
+    assert data["item0"]["tx"] == str(items["item0"].tx)
+    d.close()
+
+
+def test_file_export_empty_under_filter_aborts():
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    items = {
+        "a": StubWillItem("A*", statuses={"VALID": True, "COMPLETE": True})
+    }
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, will=items, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    messages = []
+    d.show_message = lambda msg: messages.append(msg)  # type: ignore[assignment]
+    d._filter_index = 2  # force an empty "Valid NC" selection
+    with patch.object(dialogs, "export_meta_gui") as gui:
+        d._export_file()
+    assert not gui.called
+    assert messages
+    d.close()
+
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+# BalWindow transport helpers
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+
+def test_bal_window_export_tx_file(tmpdir):
+    import bal.gui.qt.window as window
+
+    items = _make_willitems(3)
+    bw = object.__new__(window.BalWindow)
+    bw.willitems = items
+    out = tmpdir.join("will_tx.txt").strpath
+    bw.export_tx_file(out)
+    expected = ",".join(str(wi.tx) for _, wi in items.items())
+    assert open(out, encoding="utf-8").read() == expected
+
+
+def test_bal_window_set_audio_modem_bitrate():
+    try:
+        import amodem.config
+    except ImportError:
+        return
+    import bal.gui.qt.window as window
+
+    class P:
+        def __init__(self):
+            self.modem_config = None
+
+    probe = P()
+    bw = object.__new__(window.BalWindow)
+    bw.get_audio_modem_plugin = lambda: probe
+    bw.set_audio_modem_bitrate(1)
+    assert probe.modem_config is amodem.config.bitrates[1]
+
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+# WillExportDialog audio page
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+
+def test_audio_export_page_send():
+    bw = FakeBalWindow(audio_plugin=FakeAudioPlugin())
+    items = _make_willitems(3, payload_len=30)
+    bw.willitems = items
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    assert d.audio_send_btn.text() == dialogs._("Send")
+    assert d.audio_send_btn.isEnabled()
+    assert d.kbps_combo.count() > 0
+
+    kbps = int(d.kbps_combo.currentText())
+    d._send_audio()
+    assert bw.bitrate_set == kbps
+    # Whole-will default: the audio payload is a single JSON document.
+    assert len(bw.audio_payloads) == 1
+    data = json.loads(bw.audio_payloads[0])
+    assert set(data) == set(items)
+    d.close()
+
+
+def test_audio_export_page_send_tx_only():
+    bw = FakeBalWindow(audio_plugin=FakeAudioPlugin())
+    items = _make_willitems(3, payload_len=30)
+    bw.willitems = items
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    d.content_check.setChecked(False)
+
+    kbps = int(d.kbps_combo.currentText())
+    d._send_audio()
+    assert bw.bitrate_set == kbps
+    expected = "\n".join(dialogs.serialize_tx_list(items))
+    assert bw.audio_payloads == [expected]
+    d.close()
+
+
+def test_audio_export_page_plugin_missing():
+    # The window stays usable: only the audio option is disabled.
+    bw = FakeBalWindow(audio_plugin=None)
+    bw.willitems = _make_willitems(2)
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    assert not d.audio_send_btn.isEnabled()
+    assert "not available" in d.audio_warn_label.text()
+    assert len(d.qr_page.frames) >= 1  # QR still usable
+    assert d.file_export_btn.isEnabled()
+    d.close()
+
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+# WillImportDialog audio page
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+
+def test_audio_import_page_build():
+    bw = FakeBalWindow(audio_plugin=FakeAudioPlugin())
+    d = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    assert d.kbps_combo.count() > 0
+    assert d.receive_btn.text() == dialogs._("Receive by audio…")
+    assert d.receive_btn.isEnabled()
+    d.close()
+
+
+def test_audio_import_page_plugin_missing():
+    bw = FakeBalWindow(audio_plugin=None)
+    d = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    assert not d.receive_btn.isEnabled()
+    assert "not available" in d.audio_warn_label.text()
+    assert d.qr_page is not None  # QR import still usable
+    d.close()
+
+
+def test_audio_import_receive_wiring():
+    bw = FakeBalWindow(audio_plugin=FakeAudioPlugin())
+    d = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    captured = {}
+
+    class FakeWaitingDialog:
+        def __init__(self, parent, msg, task, on_success=None, on_error=None):
+            captured["msg"] = msg
+            captured["task"] = task
+            captured["success"] = on_success
+            captured["error"] = on_error
+
+    imported = []
+
+    def fake_complete(bal_window, bal_plugin, payload, **kwargs):
+        imported.append(payload)
+
+    blob = zlib.compress(b"A" * 40 + b"\n" + b"B" * 40)
+    with patch.object(dialogs, "WaitingDialog", FakeWaitingDialog), patch.object(
+        dialogs, "_complete_import", side_effect=fake_complete
+    ):
+        d._audio_receive()
+        kbps = int(d.kbps_combo.currentText())
+        assert bw.bitrate_set == kbps
+        assert captured["task"] is not None
+        captured["success"](blob)
+    # Payload is the raw decompressed text; autodetect handles the splitting.
+    assert imported == ["A" * 40 + "\n" + "B" * 40]
+    d.close()
+
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+# Whole-will JSON payload serializes a real Transaction (MyEncoder)
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+
+def test_qr_whole_will_json_serializes_transaction():
+    """Regression: _whole_will_json must not raise
+    "Object of type Transaction is not JSON serializable".
+
+    Real WillItems keep a ``Transaction`` object in ``tx``; the whole-will
+    QR payload (default content scope) must serialize it via MyEncoder the
+    same way write_json_file does.
+    """
+    from bal.core.will import WillItem
+
+    item = WillItem({
+        "tx": _VALID_TX_HEX,
+        "heirs": {},
+        "willexecutor": None,
+        "status": "",
+        "description": "",
+        "time": 0,
+        "change": "",
+        "baltx_fees": 100,
+    })
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(
+        bw, will={"imp0": item}, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin, initial_mode="qr"
+    )
+    j = d._whole_will_json()
+    data = json.loads(j)
+    assert data["imp0"]["tx"] == _VALID_TX_HEX
+    d.close()
+
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+# Main
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import inspect
+    import os
+    import tempfile
+
+    class _Path:
+        def __init__(self, d, name):
+            self.strpath = os.path.join(d, name)
+
+    class _Tmp:
+        def __init__(self):
+            self._d = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+
+        def join(self, name):
+            return _Path(self._d, name)
+
+    tmp = _Tmp()
+    for name in sorted(dir()):
+        if name.startswith("test_"):
+            fn = globals()[name]
+            fn(tmp) if inspect.signature(fn).parameters else fn()
+            print("  [OK] {}".format(name))
+    print("[OK] All export dialog GUI tests passed")

tests/test_gui_qr_transfer.py

@@ -1,19 +1,21 @@
 """
 Tests for the QR / audio will-transfer dialogs (``bal.gui.qt.dialogs``).
 
-Covers WillQrExportDialog (build, frame navigation, chunk-size change) and
-WillQrImportDialog (frame capture, slot grid, complete-review enabling, total
-mismatch reset, frame assembly -> decode). The wizard and the camera/audio
-paths need a live wallet/hardware and are exercised only through the shared
-frame-assembly path here.
+Covers the unified ``WillExportDialog`` (transport radios, stacked pages,
+QR build/navigation, chunk-size / autoplay, filter revert) and the unified
+``WillImportDialog`` (QR frame capture, slot grid, complete-review enabling,
+total mismatch reset, frame assembly -> decode). The wizard and the
+camera/audio paths need a live wallet/hardware and are exercised only
+through the shared frame-assembly path here.
 
 Run:
     QT_QPA_PLATFORM=offscreen python3 tests/test_gui_qr_transfer.py
 """
 
 import base64
+import json
 import sys
-from unittest.mock import patch
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
 
 sys.path.insert(0, __file__.rsplit("/", 2)[0])
 
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ from electrum.transaction import Transaction
 from PyQt6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow
 
 import bal.gui.qt.dialogs as dialogs
-from bal.core.qrtransfer import encode_transfer, split_frames
+from bal.core.qrtransfer import CHUNK_PRESETS, encode_transfer, split_frames
 from bal.core.will import WillItem
 
 _app = QApplication.instance() or QApplication(sys.argv)
@@ -44,7 +46,18 @@ _VALID_TX_HEX = (
 )
 
 
+class _Cfg:
+    def __init__(self, value):
+        self._value = value
+
+    def get(self):
+        return self._value
+
+
 class FakePlugin:
+    # Smallest QR preset: long transfers produce several frames.
+    QR_CHUNK_SIZE = _Cfg(CHUNK_PRESETS[0][1])
+
     def read_file(self, path):
         return _PNG_BYTES
 
@@ -90,6 +103,9 @@ class StubWillItem:
     def get_status(self, name):
         return self.statuses.get(name, False)
 
+    def to_dict(self):
+        return {"tx": str(self.tx), "status": self.statuses}
+
 
 def _make_willitems(n=3, payload_len=120):
     return {
@@ -99,30 +115,61 @@ def _make_willitems(n=3, payload_len=120):
 
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
-# WillQrExportDialog
+# WillExportDialog (QR transport via d.qr_page)
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
 
 def test_export_dialog_builds():
     bw = FakeBalWindow()
     bw.willitems = _make_willitems()
-    d = dialogs.WillQrExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
-    assert d.tx_strings
-    assert d.frames
-    assert len(d.frames) >= 1
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin, initial_mode="qr")
+    page = d.qr_page
+    assert d.transport_qr.isChecked()
+    assert page.tx_strings
+    assert page.frames
+    assert len(page.frames) >= 1
     # Frame 1 is shown.
-    assert d.qr_view.text == d.frames[0]
-    assert "1" in d.progress_label.text()
+    assert page.qr_view.text == page.frames[0]
+    assert "1" in page.progress_label.text()
+    d.close()
+
+
+def test_export_dialog_unified_transports():
+    # One window hosts the three transports as stacked, radio-selected pages.
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    bw.willitems = _make_willitems()
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    assert d.stacked.count() == 3
+    assert d.transport_file.isChecked()
+    assert d.stacked.currentWidget() is d.file_page
+    d._on_mode_clicked(d.MODE_QR)
+    assert d.stacked.currentWidget() is d.qr_page
+    d._on_mode_clicked(d.MODE_AUDIO)
+    assert d.stacked.currentWidget() is d.audio_page
+    d.close()
+
+
+def test_import_dialog_qr_page_has_no_audio():
+    # Audio lives on the import dialog's own audio page, never in the QR page.
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    d = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    page = d.qr_page
+    assert not hasattr(page, "_audio_receive")
+    texts = [b.text() for b in page.findChildren(dialogs.QPushButton)]
+    assert not any("Audio" in t for t in texts)
+    assert d.receive_btn is not None
     d.close()
 
 
 def test_export_dialog_empty_close():
-    # An empty will shows a modal message; stub it out for the test.
+    # An empty will shows a modal message and no widgets are built; stub the
+    # message out for the test.
     orig = dialogs.MessageBoxMixin.show_message
     dialogs.MessageBoxMixin.show_message = lambda self, msg, icon=None: None
     try:
         bw = FakeBalWindow()
-        d = dialogs.WillQrExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+        d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
         assert not d.isVisible()
+        assert not hasattr(d, "qr_page")
         d.close()
     finally:
         dialogs.MessageBoxMixin.show_message = orig
@@ -144,50 +191,52 @@ def test_imported_item_status_not_none():
 def test_export_auto_scroll():
     bw = FakeBalWindow()
     bw.willitems = _make_willitems(n=6, payload_len=400)
-    d = dialogs.WillQrExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
-    assert d.fps_spin is not None
-    assert not d.auto_timer.isActive()
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin, initial_mode="qr")
+    page = d.qr_page
+    assert page.fps_spin is not None
+    assert not page.auto_timer.isActive()
 
-    d.fps_spin.setValue(2)
-    d._toggle_auto()
-    assert d.auto_timer.isActive()
-    assert d.auto_btn.text() == dialogs._("Stop")
-    d._auto_step()
-    assert d.index == 1
-    d._toggle_auto()
-    assert not d.auto_timer.isActive()
-    assert d.auto_btn.text() == dialogs._("Auto")
+    page.fps_spin.setValue(2)
+    page._toggle_auto()
+    assert page.auto_timer.isActive()
+    assert page.auto_btn.text() == dialogs._("Stop")
+    page._auto_step()
+    assert page.index == 1
+    page._toggle_auto()
+    assert not page.auto_timer.isActive()
+    assert page.auto_btn.text() == dialogs._("Auto")
 
     # Advancing past the last frame stops the slideshow automatically.
-    d._toggle_auto()
-    d.index = len(d.frames) - 1
-    d._auto_step()
-    assert not d.auto_timer.isActive()
+    page._toggle_auto()
+    page.index = len(page.frames) - 1
+    page._auto_step()
+    assert not page.auto_timer.isActive()
     d.close()
 
 
 def test_export_auto_scroll_loop():
     bw = FakeBalWindow()
     bw.willitems = _make_willitems(n=6, payload_len=400)
-    d = dialogs.WillQrExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
-    assert d.loop_check is not None
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin, initial_mode="qr")
+    page = d.qr_page
+    assert page.loop_check is not None
 
     # Loop on: reaching the last code wraps back to the first and keeps going.
-    d.loop_check.setChecked(True)
-    d._toggle_auto()
-    assert d.auto_timer.isActive()
-    d.index = len(d.frames) - 1
-    d._auto_step()
-    assert d.index == 0
-    assert d.auto_timer.isActive()
-    d._toggle_auto()
+    page.loop_check.setChecked(True)
+    page._toggle_auto()
+    assert page.auto_timer.isActive()
+    page.index = len(page.frames) - 1
+    page._auto_step()
+    assert page.index == 0
+    assert page.auto_timer.isActive()
+    page._toggle_auto()
 
     # Loop off: reaching the last code stops the slideshow.
-    d.loop_check.setChecked(False)
-    d._toggle_auto()
-    d.index = len(d.frames) - 1
-    d._auto_step()
-    assert not d.auto_timer.isActive()
+    page.loop_check.setChecked(False)
+    page._toggle_auto()
+    page.index = len(page.frames) - 1
+    page._auto_step()
+    assert not page.auto_timer.isActive()
     d.close()
 
 
@@ -197,18 +246,27 @@ def test_export_filter_valid_and_valid_nc():
     b = StubWillItem("B" * 120, statuses={"VALID": True})
     c = StubWillItem("C" * 120)
     bw.willitems = {"a": a, "b": b, "c": c}
-    d = dialogs.WillQrExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
-    assert len(d.tx_strings) == 3
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin, initial_mode="qr")
+    page = d.qr_page
     assert d.filter_combo.count() == 3
+    # Whole-will default: a single JSON document carrying all selected items.
+    assert d.content_check.isChecked()
+    assert len(page.tx_strings) == 1
+    data = json.loads(page.tx_strings[0])
+    assert set(data) == {"a", "b", "c"}
+
+    # Switch to tx-only content, then exercise the filters.
+    d.content_check.setChecked(False)
+    assert len(page.tx_strings) == 3
 
     # "Valid" filter -> only the valid items (a, b).
     d._on_filter_change(1)
-    assert sorted(d.tx_strings) == ["A" * 120, "B" * 120]
+    assert sorted(page.tx_strings) == ["A" * 120, "B" * 120]
 
     # "Valid NC" filter -> only the valid, not-complete item (b).
     d._on_filter_change(2)
-    assert sorted(d.tx_strings) == ["B" * 120]
-    assert d.qr_view.text == d.frames[0]
+    assert sorted(page.tx_strings) == ["B" * 120]
+    assert page.qr_view.text == page.frames[0]
     d.close()
 
 
@@ -218,116 +276,464 @@ def test_export_filter_empty_reverts():
     bw.willitems = {
         "a": StubWillItem("A" * 120, statuses={"VALID": True, "COMPLETE": True})
     }
-    d = dialogs.WillQrExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin, initial_mode="qr")
     messages = []
-    d.show_message = lambda msg: messages.append(msg)
+    d.show_message = lambda msg: messages.append(msg)  # type: ignore[assignment]
     d._on_filter_change(2)  # "Valid NC" -> empty subset
     assert messages
     assert d._filter_index == 0  # reverted to "All"
     assert d.filter_combo.currentIndex() == 0
-    assert len(d.tx_strings) == 1
+    assert len(d.qr_page.tx_strings) == 1
     d.close()
 
 
 def test_export_navigation_and_chunk_change():
     bw = FakeBalWindow()
     bw.willitems = _make_willitems(n=6, payload_len=400)
-    d = dialogs.WillQrExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
-    first_count = len(d.frames)
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin, initial_mode="qr")
+    page = d.qr_page
+    first_count = len(page.frames)
     assert first_count > 1  # long transfer, small default chunk
 
-    assert not d.prev_btn.isEnabled()
-    d._next()
-    assert d.index == 1
-    assert d.qr_view.text == d.frames[1]
-    assert d.prev_btn.isEnabled()
-    d._prev()
-    assert d.index == 0
-    assert d.qr_view.text == d.frames[0]
+    assert not page.prev_btn.isEnabled()
+    page._next()
+    assert page.index == 1
+    assert page.qr_view.text == page.frames[1]
+    assert page.prev_btn.isEnabled()
+    page._prev()
+    assert page.index == 0
+    assert page.qr_view.text == page.frames[0]
 
     # Switch to the largest preset: fewer, bigger frames.
-    d._on_chunk_change(len(dialogs.CHUNK_PRESETS) - 1)
-    assert len(d.frames) < first_count
-    assert d.index == 0
+    page._on_chunk_change(len(dialogs.CHUNK_PRESETS) - 1)
+    assert len(page.frames) < first_count
+    assert page.index == 0
     d.close()
 
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
-# WillQrImportDialog
+# WillImportDialog (QR transport via d.qr_page)
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
 
 def test_import_frame_flow():
     bw = FakeBalWindow()
-    d = dialogs.WillQrImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
-    assert not d.review_btn.isEnabled()
-    assert not d.slot_area.isVisible()
+    d = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    page = d.qr_page
+    assert not page.review_btn.isEnabled()
+    assert not page.slot_area.isVisible()
 
     transfer = encode_transfer(["A" * 120, "B" * 120, "C" * 120])
     frames = split_frames(transfer, 150)
     assert len(frames) > 1
 
     for frame in frames:
-        d._add_frame(frame)
-    assert d.total == len(frames)
-    assert d.review_btn.isEnabled()
+        page._add_frame(frame)
+    assert page.total == len(frames)
+    assert page.review_btn.isEnabled()
     # isVisible() needs a shown parent; assert the widget is not hidden instead.
-    assert not d.slot_area.isHidden()
-    assert len(d.slot_widgets) == d.total
-    assert "All" in d.status_label.text()
+    assert not page.slot_area.isHidden()
+    assert len(page.slot_widgets) == page.total
+    assert "All" in page.status_label.text()
     # Duplicate capture is harmless.
-    d._add_frame(frames[0])
-    assert len(d.frames) == d.total
+    page._add_frame(frames[0])
+    assert len(page.frames) == page.total
     d.close()
 
 
 def test_import_assembles_and_decodes():
     bw = FakeBalWindow()
-    d = dialogs.WillQrImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    d = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    page = d.qr_page
     captured = {}
 
-    def fake_finish(tx_strings):
-        captured["tx_strings"] = tx_strings
+    def fake_finish(payload):
+        captured["payload"] = payload
 
-    d._finish_import = fake_finish
+    page._finish_import = fake_finish
     transfer = encode_transfer(["P" * 130, "Q" * 130])
     for frame in split_frames(transfer, 150):
-        d._add_frame(frame)
-    d._review_and_sign()
-    assert captured["tx_strings"] == ["P" * 130, "Q" * 130]
+        page._add_frame(frame)
+    page._review_and_sign()
+    # The payload is rejoined into an opaque string for autodetect.
+    assert captured["payload"].split("\n") == ["P" * 130, "Q" * 130]
     d.close()
 
 
+def test_decode_will_payload_autodetect():
+    # Whole-will JSON is recognized as a will document.
+    payload = json.dumps({"item1": {"tx": "AAAA", "status": {"VALID": True}}})
+    kind, data = dialogs.decode_will_payload(payload)
+    assert kind == "will"
+    assert data["item1"]["tx"] == "AAAA"
+
+    # A singleton dict whose value is not an item dict falls back to txs.
+    kind, data = dialogs.decode_will_payload('{"foo": 1}')
+    assert kind == "txs"
+
+    # Comma and/or newline separated transactions.
+    kind, data = dialogs.decode_will_payload("AAAA,BBBB\nCCCC")
+    assert kind == "txs"
+    assert data == ["AAAA", "BBBB", "CCCC"]
+
+    # A single transaction with no separators.
+    kind, data = dialogs.decode_will_payload("HEXHEX")
+    assert kind == "txs"
+    assert data == ["HEXHEX"]
+
+
+def test_whole_will_qr_roundtrip():
+    # "Whole will" produces a single JSON document that survives a full
+    # QR encode -> frame capture -> assemble -> decode cycle.
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    items = _make_willitems(2)
+    bw.willitems = items
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin, initial_mode="qr")
+    page = d.qr_page
+    assert d.content_check.isChecked()
+    assert len(page.tx_strings) == 1
+
+    # Rebuild the transfer from the dialog's own strings, as the importer does.
+    transfer = encode_transfer(page.tx_strings)
+    impl = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    import_page = impl.qr_page
+    for frame in split_frames(transfer, dialogs.CHUNK_PRESETS[0][1]):
+        import_page._add_frame(frame)
+    assert import_page.review_btn.isEnabled()
+    caught = {}
+
+    def fake_finish(payload):
+        caught["payload"] = payload
+
+    import_page._finish_import = fake_finish
+    import_page._review_and_sign()
+    kind, data = dialogs.decode_will_payload(caught["payload"])
+    assert kind == "will"
+    assert set(data) == {"item0", "item1"}
+    d.close()
+    impl.close()
+
+
 def test_import_total_mismatch_resets():
     bw = FakeBalWindow()
-    d = dialogs.WillQrImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    d = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    page = d.qr_page
     warnings = []
-    d.show_warning = lambda msg: warnings.append(msg)
+    page.show_warning = lambda msg: warnings.append(msg)  # type: ignore[assignment]
 
     frames_a = split_frames(encode_transfer(["A" * 120, "B" * 120]), 150)
     frames_b = split_frames(encode_transfer(["A" * 120, "B" * 120, "C" * 120]), 150)
     for frame in frames_a:
-        d._add_frame(frame)
-    assert d.total == len(frames_a)
+        page._add_frame(frame)
+    assert page.total == len(frames_a)
 
     # A frame with a different total wipes the import; the first frame of
     # the new transfer must be scanned afresh.
-    d._add_frame(frames_b[0])
+    page._add_frame(frames_b[0])
     assert warnings
-    assert d.total == 0
-    assert not d.frames
-    assert not d.review_btn.isEnabled()
+    assert page.total == 0
+    assert not page.frames
+    assert not page.review_btn.isEnabled()
     d.close()
 
 
 def test_import_manual_entry():
     bw = FakeBalWindow()
-    d = dialogs.WillQrImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    d = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    page = d.qr_page
     frames = split_frames(encode_transfer(["M" * 120]), 150)
-    d.manual_edit.setText(frames[0])
-    d._add_from_manual()
-    assert d.manual_edit.text() == ""
-    assert d.total == 1
-    assert d.review_btn.isEnabled()
+    page.manual_edit.setText(frames[0])
+    page._add_from_manual()
+    assert page.manual_edit.text() == ""
+    assert page.total == 1
+    assert page.review_btn.isEnabled()
+    d.close()
+
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+# Continuous camera scan (change/detection debounce + auto-finish)
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+
+def _fresh_debounce():
+    return {
+        "last_index": None,
+        "last_payload": None,
+        "pending_index": None,
+        "pending_payload": None,
+        "pending_count": 0,
+    }
+
+
+def test_qr_import_debounce_pending_then_accept():
+    s = _fresh_debounce()
+    # First sighting of a new identity: pending, not yet stored.
+    assert dialogs.qr_import_accept_frame(s, "balqr", "balqr:2", 2, 1, "PAYLOAD1") == "pending"
+    assert s["pending_count"] == 1
+    assert s["last_index"] is None
+    # A second stable read of the same identity: accepted.
+    assert dialogs.qr_import_accept_frame(s, "balqr", "balqr:2", 2, 1, "PAYLOAD1") == "accept"
+    assert s["last_index"] == 1
+    assert s["last_payload"] == "PAYLOAD1"
+    assert s["pending_count"] == 0
+
+
+def test_qr_import_debounce_re_reading_last_is_ignored():
+    s = _fresh_debounce()
+    dialogs.qr_import_accept_frame(s, "balqr", "balqr:2", 2, 1, "P1")
+    dialogs.qr_import_accept_frame(s, "balqr", "balqr:2", 2, 1, "P1")  # accepted
+    # The exporter is still showing frame 1: must be ignored, not accepted.
+    assert dialogs.qr_import_accept_frame(s, "balqr", "balqr:2", 2, 1, "P1") == "ignore"
+    assert s["last_index"] == 1
+    assert s["pending_count"] == 0
+
+
+def test_qr_import_debounce_transition_pending_resets():
+    s = _fresh_debounce()
+    dialogs.qr_import_accept_frame(s, "balqr", "balqr:2", 2, 1, "P1")
+    dialogs.qr_import_accept_frame(s, "balqr", "balqr:2", 2, 1, "P1")  # accept frame 1
+    # A new identity interrupts the pending accumulation.
+    assert dialogs.qr_import_accept_frame(s, "balqr", "balqr:2", 2, 2, "P2") == "pending"
+    assert dialogs.qr_import_accept_frame(s, "balqr", "balqr:2", 2, 2, "P2") == "accept"
+    # Same-index duplicate with different payload is treated as new identity.
+    assert dialogs.qr_import_accept_frame(s, "balqr", "balqr:2", 2, 2, "P2") == "ignore"
+
+
+def test_qr_import_debounce_total_mismatch_resets():
+    s = _fresh_debounce()
+    # In-range frame is accepted even though its declared total is ignored.
+    assert dialogs.qr_import_accept_frame(s, "balqr", "balqr:3", 3, 2, "P2") == "pending"
+    assert dialogs.qr_import_accept_frame(s, "balqr", "balqr:3", 3, 2, "P2") == "accept"
+    # A frame that belongs to a different transfer.
+    assert dialogs.qr_import_accept_frame(s, "balqr", "balqr:4", 4, 2, "P2B") == "reset"
+    # Once the policy is rebased on the new transfer, frames resume normally
+    # (the widget clears the debounce while wiping the import).
+    s["key"] = None
+    assert dialogs.qr_import_accept_frame(s, "balqr", "balqr:4", 4, 2, "P2B") == "pending"
+
+
+def test_qr_import_handle_scanned_text_autofinish():
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    d = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    page = d.qr_page
+    reviewed = []
+    page._review_and_sign = lambda: reviewed.append(True)  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+    frames = split_frames(encode_transfer(["A" * 120, "B" * 120]), 150)
+    assert len(frames) > 1
+
+    # The camera session is running and every frame needs two stable reads.
+    page._scanning = True
+    for frame in frames:
+        for _rep in range(2):
+            page._handle_scanned_text(frame)
+    assert page.total == len(frames)
+    assert len(page.frames) == len(frames)
+    assert page.review_btn.isEnabled()
+
+    # With all frames stored, the loop auto-finishes exactly once.
+    _app.processEvents()
+    assert reviewed == [True]
+    # The camera loop was stopped before handing over to the review step.
+    assert not page._scanning
+    assert not page._scan_timer.isActive()
+    d.close()
+
+
+def test_qr_import_handle_scanned_text_manual_does_not_autofinish():
+    # Without a camera session running, extra frames never auto-proceed.
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    d = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    page = d.qr_page
+    reviewed = []
+    page._review_and_sign = lambda: reviewed.append(True)  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+    frames = split_frames(encode_transfer(["A" * 120, "B" * 120]), 150)
+    assert len(frames) > 1
+    assert not page._scanning
+    for frame in frames:
+        for _rep in range(2):
+            page._handle_scanned_text(frame)
+    assert len(page.frames) == len(frames)
+    _app.processEvents()
+    assert reviewed == []
+    d.close()
+
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+# Animated-QR formats (BC-UR v1/v2, BBQR) via the export/import pages
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+
+def test_export_format_combo_switches_codecs():
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    bw.willitems = _make_willitems(n=6, payload_len=400)
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin, initial_mode="qr")
+    page = d.qr_page
+    assert page.format == "balqr"
+    assert page.frames[0].startswith("BALQR1|")
+    assert page.format_combo.count() == 4
+
+    page._on_format_change(1)  # BC-UR v1
+    assert page.format == "ur1"
+    assert page.frames[0].startswith("ur:bytes/")
+    assert page.index == 0
+    assert page.qr_view.text == page.frames[0]
+
+    page._on_format_change(2)  # BC-UR v2
+    assert page.format == "ur2"
+    assert page.frames[0].startswith("ur:bytes/")
+
+    page._on_format_change(3)  # BBQR
+    assert page.format == "bbqr"
+    assert page.frames[0].startswith("B$")
+    d.close()
+
+
+def test_export_animated_format_frames_fit_budget():
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    bw.willitems = _make_willitems(n=6, payload_len=400)
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin, initial_mode="qr")
+    page = d.qr_page
+    for index in range(1, 4):
+        page._on_format_change(index)
+        for frame in page.frames:
+            assert len(frame) <= dialogs.CHUNK_PRESETS[0][1]
+    d.close()
+
+
+def _import_roundtrip_fmt(fmt_index):
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    bw.willitems = _make_willitems(2)
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin, initial_mode="qr")
+    page = d.qr_page
+    page._on_format_change(fmt_index)
+    frames = list(page.frames)
+    assert frames
+    d.close()
+
+    impl = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    import_page = impl.qr_page
+    caught = {}
+    import_page._finish_import = lambda payload: caught.__setitem__("payload", payload)
+    for frame in frames:
+        import_page._add_frame(frame)
+    assert import_page.review_btn.isEnabled()
+    import_page._review_and_sign()
+    kind, data = dialogs.decode_will_payload(caught["payload"])
+    assert kind == "will"
+    assert set(data) == {"item0", "item1"}
+    impl.close()
+
+
+def test_import_ur1_roundtrip():
+    _import_roundtrip_fmt(1)
+
+
+def test_import_ur2_roundtrip():
+    _import_roundtrip_fmt(2)
+
+
+def test_import_bbqr_roundtrip():
+    _import_roundtrip_fmt(3)
+
+
+def test_import_animated_scan_debounce_autofinish():
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    bw.willitems = _make_willitems(2)
+    d = dialogs.WillExportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin, initial_mode="qr")
+    page = d.qr_page
+    page._on_format_change(2)  # BC-UR v2 fountain
+    frames = list(page.frames)
+    d.close()
+
+    impl = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    import_page = impl.qr_page
+    reviewed = []
+    import_page._review_and_sign = lambda: reviewed.append(True)  # type: ignore[assignment]
+    import_page._scanning = True
+    for frame in frames:
+        for _rep in range(2):
+            import_page._handle_scanned_text(frame)
+    assert import_page.review_btn.isEnabled()
+    # The fountain transfer's part count is ``len(frames) // 2`` (pure + one
+    # redundant mixed wave).
+    assert import_page.total == len(frames) // 2
+    assert len(import_page.frames) >= import_page.total
+    assert import_page.review_btn.isEnabled()
+    _app.processEvents()
+    assert reviewed == [True]
+    assert not import_page._scanning
+    impl.close()
+
+
+def test_import_garbage_scan_is_ignored():
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    d = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    page = d.qr_page
+    for garbage in ("hello world", "12345", "B$ZZ", ""):
+        page._handle_scanned_text(garbage)
+        assert not page.frames
+        assert page.total == 0
+        assert not page.review_btn.isEnabled()
+    d.close()
+
+
+def test_import_different_animated_transfer_resets():
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    d = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    page = d.qr_page
+    warnings = []
+    page.show_warning = lambda msg: warnings.append(msg)  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+    frames_a = split_frames(encode_transfer(["A" * 120, "B" * 120]), 150)
+    frames_b = split_frames(encode_transfer(["A" * 120, "B" * 120, "C" * 120]), 150)
+    for frame in frames_a:
+        page._add_frame(frame)
+    assert page.total == len(frames_a)
+    assert not warnings
+
+    page._add_frame(frames_b[0])
+    assert warnings
+    assert page.total == 0
+    assert not page.frames
+    assert not page.review_btn.isEnabled()
+    d.close()
+
+
+def test_import_start_stop_scan_signal_wiring():
+    """Regression: _start_scan/_stop_scan must use the QVideoSink signal
+    videoFrameChanged, not the videoFrame frame getter.
+
+    On PyQt6, ``QVideoSink.videoFrame`` is a method (the frame getter), so
+    ``.videoFrame.connect(...)`` raises AttributeError. This test drives the
+    real sink life-cycle with a mocked camera and asserts the scan session
+    starts/ends cleanly with no error.
+    """
+    from PyQt6.QtMultimedia import QCamera, QMediaCaptureSession, QMediaDevices
+
+    bw = FakeBalWindow()
+    d = dialogs.WillImportDialog(bw, bal_plugin=bw.bal_plugin)
+    page = d.qr_page
+    errors = []
+    page.show_error = lambda msg: errors.append(msg)  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+    fake_device = MagicMock()
+    fake_device.isNull.return_value = False
+
+    with (
+        patch.object(QMediaDevices, "defaultVideoInput", return_value=fake_device),
+        # Mock camera + capture session; the QVideoSink stays real so the
+        # videoFrameChanged connect/disconnect wiring is exercised for real.
+        patch.object(QCamera, "__new__", return_value=MagicMock()),
+        patch.object(QMediaCaptureSession, "__new__", return_value=MagicMock()),
+    ):
+        page._start_scan()
+        assert page._scanning is True
+        assert not errors
+
+        page._stop_scan()
+    assert page._scanning is False
+    assert page._camera is None
+    assert page._video_sink is None
+    assert not errors
     d.close()
 
 

tests/test_heir_relative_anchor.py

@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ Run:
     python3 tests/test_heir_relative_anchor.py
 """
 
-import copy
 import json
 import os
 import sys
@@ -40,6 +39,7 @@ from electrum import constants  # noqa: E402  (path insert above)
 constants.net = constants.BitcoinRegtest
 
 from bal.core.checkalive import resolve_date_to_check  # noqa: E402
+from bal.core.util import copy_structure  # noqa: E402
 from bal.core.will import (  # noqa: E402
     HeirNotFoundException,
     NoHeirsException,
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def _make_will_item(heirs, tx_locktime, status_complete=False):
     is forced to ``tx_locktime`` (the value frozen in the signed Bitcoin tx)."""
     d = {
         "tx": _VALID_TX_HEX,
-        "heirs": copy.deepcopy(heirs),
+        "heirs": copy_structure(heirs),
         "willexecutor": None,
         "status": "",
         "description": "",
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ def _make_will_item(heirs, tx_locktime, status_complete=False):
         "baltx_fees": 1,
     }
     item = WillItem(d, _id="willid_1")
-    item.STATUS = copy.deepcopy(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
+    item.STATUS = WillItem.copy_status_table(WillItem.STATUS_DEFAULT)
     item.tx.locktime = tx_locktime
     if status_complete:
         item.set_status("COMPLETE", True)
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ def test_unchanged_relative_recipe_signed_is_coherent():
     read as a postpone just because the clock has advanced past build day."""
     heirs = {"alice": ["addr_alice", 5000, "1y"]}
     outcome = _run_heir_check(
-        copy.deepcopy(heirs), copy.deepcopy(heirs), _FROZEN, status_complete=True
+        copy_structure(heirs), copy_structure(heirs), _FROZEN, status_complete=True
     )
     assert outcome.startswith("coherent"), outcome
 
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ def test_unchanged_relative_recipe_signed_is_coherent():
 def test_unchanged_relative_recipe_unsigned_is_coherent():
     heirs = {"alice": ["addr_alice", 5000, "1y"]}
     outcome = _run_heir_check(
-        copy.deepcopy(heirs), copy.deepcopy(heirs), _FROZEN, status_complete=False
+        copy_structure(heirs), copy_structure(heirs), _FROZEN, status_complete=False
     )
     assert outcome.startswith("coherent"), outcome
 
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ def test_relative_recipe_shortened_on_signed_is_rebuild():
 def test_unchanged_absolute_recipe_is_coherent():
     built = {"alice": ["addr_alice", 5000, str(_FROZEN)]}
     outcome = _run_heir_check(
-        copy.deepcopy(built), copy.deepcopy(built), _FROZEN, status_complete=True
+        copy_structure(built), copy_structure(built), _FROZEN, status_complete=True
     )
     assert outcome.startswith("coherent"), outcome
 
@@ -176,6 +176,7 @@ def test_karen7_frozen_delivery_not_expired():
     valid_wid = "28b64bfd83878d15c668473aa695a2b9bc23196bc61ab3149e8f33241826978d"
     wi = WillItem(data["will"][valid_wid], _id=valid_wid)
     built_locktime = Will.get_min_locktime({valid_wid: wi})
+    assert built_locktime is not None
     assert built_locktime == int(wi.tx.locktime)
 
     date_to_check = resolve_date_to_check(
@@ -195,7 +196,6 @@ def test_karen7_unchanged_heirs_are_coherent():
     signed tx: the plugin must NOT ask to invalidate the will."""
     data = _load_karen7()
     valid_wid = "28b64bfd83878d15c668473aa695a2b9bc23196bc61ab3149e8f33241826978d"
-    wi = WillItem(data["will"][valid_wid], _id=valid_wid)
     # Use _FROZEN (a UTC-midnight value) so the check is compatible with
     # the UTC anchoring code.
     frozen_locktime = _FROZEN

tests/test_import_will_details.py

@@ -127,6 +127,11 @@ def test_sign_transactions_external_only():
         wallet=FakeWallet(),
         waiting_dialog=SimpleNamespace(update=lambda msg: None),
     )
+    # sign_transactions dispatches to self._prepare_and_sign_tx; bind the real
+    # implementation onto the fake so the external-sign run actually executes.
+    fake._prepare_and_sign_tx = MethodType(
+        window_mod.BalWindow._prepare_and_sign_tx, fake
+    )
 
     result = window_mod.BalWindow.sign_transactions(fake, None, will=imported)
 

tests/test_no_willexecutor_karen7.py

@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ Run::
         python3 -m pytest tests/test_no_willexecutor_karen7.py -v -s
 """
 
-import copy
 import json
 import logging
 import os
@@ -49,6 +48,7 @@ from electrum.transaction import PartialTxInput, TxOutpoint
 from electrum.util import bfh
 
 from bal.core.heirs import Heirs
+from bal.core.util import copy_structure
 from bal.core.will import (
     NotCompleteWillException,
     NoWillExecutorNotPresent,
@@ -278,11 +278,11 @@ class FakeBalWindow:
                 tx["my_locktime"] = txs[txid].my_locktime
                 tx["heirsvalue"] = txs[txid].heirsvalue
                 tx["description"] = txs[txid].description
-                tx["willexecutor"] = copy.deepcopy(txs[txid].willexecutor)
+                tx["willexecutor"] = copy_structure(txs[txid].willexecutor)
                 tx["status"] = "New"
                 tx["baltx_fees"] = txs[txid].tx_fees
                 tx["time"] = creation_time
-                tx["heirs"] = copy.deepcopy(txs[txid].heirs)
+                tx["heirs"] = copy_structure(txs[txid].heirs)
                 tx["txchildren"] = []
                 will[txid] = WillItem(tx, _id=txid, wallet=self.wallet)
             self.update_will(will)

tests/test_reproduce_none_type.py

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ but without requiring a full Qt event loop.
 """
 
 import contextlib
-import copy
 import json
 import os
 import sys
@@ -24,6 +23,7 @@ if os.path.isdir(ELECTRUM_DIR):
 
 from bal.core.heirs import Heirs
 from bal.core.plugin_base import BalPlugin, BalTimestamp
+from bal.core.util import copy_structure
 from bal.core.will import (
     NoHeirsException,
     NotCompleteWillException,
@@ -145,11 +145,11 @@ class FakeBalWindow:
                 tx["my_locktime"] = txs[txid].my_locktime
                 tx["heirsvalue"] = txs[txid].heirsvalue
                 tx["description"] = txs[txid].description
-                tx["willexecutor"] = copy.deepcopy(txs[txid].willexecutor)
+                tx["willexecutor"] = copy_structure(txs[txid].willexecutor)
                 tx["status"] = "New"
                 tx["baltx_fees"] = txs[txid].tx_fees
                 tx["time"] = creation_time
-                tx["heirs"] = copy.deepcopy(txs[txid].heirs)
+                tx["heirs"] = copy_structure(txs[txid].heirs)
                 tx["txchildren"] = []
                 will[txid] = WillItem(tx, _id=txid, wallet=self.wallet)
             Will.update_will(self.willitems, will)